From Francis Bacon, arguably the first science fiction writer--for New Atlantis--to Jules Verne and Arthur Clarke, the most durable anticipations of future technology in science fiction, and reality, have come from careful observation of nature and experiment followed by careful, even if breathtaking, extrapolation that is at least consistent with what is known.
A key part of successful anticipation is understanding what a law of nature is, versus a theory, and how technologies develop, what constrains them, and what does not.